| This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007) |
| voiced palatal plosive | |
|---|---|
| Symbol (font) | [ɶ#ɐ0ɤ;] |
| Symbol (image) | File:Xsampa-Jslash.png |
| IPA–number | 108 |
| Entity (decimal) | ɟ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+025F |
| X-SAMPA | J\ |
| Kirshenbaum | J |
| Sound sample | |
The voiced palatal plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is [ɟ], a rotated lowercase letter ‹f›, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J\.
The sound does not exist as a phoneme in English, but is perhaps most similar to a voiced postalveolar affricate dʒ, as in English jump (although it is a stop, not an affricate; the most similar stop phoneme to this sound in English is ɡ, as in get), and because it is difficult to get the tongue to touch just the hard palate without also touching the back part of the alveolar ridge,[1] ɟ is a less common sound worldwide than dʒ. It is also common for the symbol [/ɟ/] to be used to represent a palatalized voiced velar plosive, or other similar affricates, for example in the Indic languages. This may be considered appropriate when the place of articulation needs to be specified and the distinction between stop and affricate is not contrastive, and therefore of secondary importance.
Features[]
Features of the voiced palatal plosive:
- Its manner of articulation is stop, or plosive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. (The term plosive contrasts with nasal stops, where the blocked airflow is redirected through the nose.)
Template:Palatal
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence[]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian[2] | gjuha | ˈɟuha | 'tongue' | ||
| Arabic[3] | Sudanese | جمل | ɟæˈmæl | 'camel' | Some dialects; corresponds to [/dʒ/] in other varieties. See Arabic phonology |
| Yemeni | |||||
| Basque | anddere | aɲɟeɾe | 'doll' | ||
| Catalan | Majorcan[4] | sargantana | səɾɟənˈtanə | 'lizard' | Corresponds to [/ɡ/] in other varieties: [səɾɣəntánə]. See Catalan phonology |
| Corsican | fighjulà | viɟɟuˈla | 'to watch' | ||
| Czech | dělám | ɟɛlaːm | 'I do' | See Czech phonology | |
| Dinka | jir | ɟiɾ | 'blunt' | ||
| Ega[5] | ɟé | 'become numerous' | |||
| Gallurese | [example needed] | ||||
| Greek | μετάγκιση/metághisi | me̞ˈtaɲɟisi | 'transfusion' | See Modern Greek phonology | |
| Hungarian[6] | gyám | ɟaːm | 'guardian' | See Hungarian phonology | |
| Irish | Gaeilge | ˈɡeːlʲɟə | 'Gaelic' | See Irish phonology | |
| Latvian | ģimene | ˈɟimene | 'family' | ||
| Luganda | jjajja | ɟːaɟːa | 'grandfather' | ||
| Macedonian | раѓање | ˈɾaɟaɲɛ | 'birth' | See Macedonian phonology | |
| Norwegian | Northern and central dialects[7] | fadder | fɑɟːeɾ | 'godparent' | See Norwegian phonology |
| Occitan | Auvergnat | diguèt | ɟiˈɡɛ | 'said' (3rd pers. sing.) | |
| Limousin | dissèt | ɟiˈʃɛ | |||
| Romanian[8] | ghimpe | ˈɟimpe | 'thorn' | Allophone of [/ɡ/] before [/i/] and [/e/]. See Romanian phonology. | |
| Slovak | ďaleký | ˈɟaʎɛkiː | 'far' | ||
| Turkish | güneş | ɟyˈneʃ | 'sun' | See Turkish phonology | |
See also[]
- List of phonetics topics
References[]
- ↑ Ladefoged (2005:162)
- ↑ Newmark, Hubbard & Prifti (1982:10)
- ↑ Watson (2002:16)
- ↑ Recasens & Espinosa (2005:1)
- ↑ Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
- ↑ Ladefoged (2005:164)
- ↑ Skjekkeland (1997:105–107)
- ↑ DEX Online : [1]
Bibliography[]
- Connell, Bruce; Ahoua, Firmin; Gibbon, Dafydd (2002), "Ega", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 32 (1): 99–104
- Ladefoged, Peter (2005), Vowels and Consonants (Second ed.), Blackwell
- Newmark, Leonard; Hubbard, Philip; Prifti, Peter R. (1982), Standard Albanian: A Reference Grammar for Students, Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804711296, http://books.google.com/?id=hqlYbhnII3QC&pg=PA1&dq=Standard+Albanian:+A+Reference+Grammar+for+Students&q=
- Recasens, Daniel; Espinosa, Aina (2005), "Articulatory, positional and coarticulatory characteristics for clear /l/ and dark /l/: evidence from two Catalan dialects", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (1): 1–25, doi:10.1017/S0025100305001878
- Skjekkeland, Martin (1997), Dei norske dialektane: Tradisjonelle særdrag i jamføring med skriftmåla, Høyskoleforlaget (Norwegian Academic Press)
- Watson, Janet (2002), The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic, New York: Oxford University Press
| {{{header}}} |
|---|
| {{{body}}} |
als:Stimmhafter palataler Plosiv bn:ঘোষ তালব্য স্পর্শধ্বনি br:Kensonenn staon dre serriñ mouezhiet ca:Oclusiva palatal sonora cs:Znělá palatální ploziva de:Stimmhafter palataler Plosiv fr:Consonne occlusive palatale voisée ko:유성 경구개 파열음 it:Occlusiva palatale sonora li:Stömhöbbendj palataal plosief hu:Palatális, zöngés zárhang mk:Звучен палатален плозив ms:Letupan lelangit bersuara nl:Stemhebbende palatale plosief ja:有声硬口蓋破裂音 pl:Spółgłoska zwarta podniebienna dźwięczna ro:Consoană oclusivă palatală sonoră sv:Tonande palatal klusil uk:Дзвінкий твердопіднебінний проривний zh:濁硬顎塞音