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| retroflex flap | |
|---|---|
| Symbol (font) | [ɶ#ɐɜɤ;] |
| Symbol (image) | File:Xsampa-r'.png |
| IPA–number | 125 |
| Entity (decimal) | ɽ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+027D |
| X-SAMPA | r` |
| Kirshenbaum | *. |
| Sound sample | |
The retroflex flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is [‹ɽ›], and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is ‹r`›.
Toda has a retroflex trill, which is transcribed with the same IPA symbol.
Features[]
Features of the retroflex flap:
Template:Flap Template:Retroflex
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence[]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enga | yála | jɑɽɑ | 'shame' | ||
| English | GA | hurting | ˈhɝɽɪŋ | 'hurting' | Intervocalic allophone of [/t/] and [/d/] after [/ɝ/]. See English phonology |
| Hausa | bara/? | bəɽa | 'servant' | represented in Arabic alphabet with a ‹ر› | |
| Hindi | बड़ा | bəɽɑː | 'big' | represented by ‹ड़›. Hindi contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Hindi-Urdu phonology | |
| Nepali[1] | ? | ʌɣaɽi | 'before' | See Nepali phonology | |
| Norwegian | blad | bɽɑː | 'blade' | In some dialects. See Norwegian phonology | |
| Swedish | rural dialects | blad | bɽɑː | 'blade' | See Swedish phonology |
| Urdu | بڑا | bəɽɑː | 'big' | represented by ‹ڑ›. Urdu contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. See Hindi-Urdu phonology | |
See also[]
- List of phonetics topics
References[]
- ↑ Khatiwada (2009:377)
Bibliography[]
- Khatiwada, Rajesh (2009), "Nepali", Journal of International Phonetic Association 39 (3): 337-380
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bn:মূর্ধন্য তাড়নজাতধ্বনি br:Kensonenn tro-gil dre stlakat cs:Retroflexní verberanta de:Stimmhafter retroflexer Flap fr:Consonne battue rétroflexe voisée ms:Tamparan gelungan nl:Retroflexe flap ja:そり舌はじき音 no:Retrofleks flapp pl:Spółgłoska uderzeniowa z retrofleksją ru:Ретрофлексный одноударный согласный sv:Retroflex flapp uk:Ретрофлексний одноударний приголосний